Nouns and adjectives · 46/60

Smichut: the construct state

How two nouns become one concept: בֵּית סֵפֶר — school

Smichut is the “X of Y” construction: house of book = school, family of Cohen, number of phone. The first word changes form, the second stays as it is. The article goes only on the second word: בֵּית הַסֵּפֶר — the school.

How the first word changes
TypeNormal formIn smichutExample
m. sg.: often unchanged, or with a shortened vowelבַּיִתbayitבֵּית־beit-בֵּית קָפֶהbeit kafecafé
m. sg.חֶדֶרchederחֲדַר־chadar-חֲדַר שֵׁנָהchadar shenabedroom
f. in ־ָה → ־ַתמִשְׁפָּחָהmishpachaמִשְׁפַּחַת־mishpachat-מִשְׁפַּחַת כֹּהֵןmishpachat kohenthe Cohen family
f. in ־ָה → ־ַתתַּחֲנָהtachanaתַּחֲנַת־tachanat-תַּחֲנַת אוֹטוֹבּוּסtachanat otobusbus stop
m. pl. ־ִים → ־ֵייְלָדִיםyeladimיַלְדֵי־yaldei-יַלְדֵי הַגַּןyaldei haganthe kindergarten children
m. pl. ־ִים → ־ֵיסְפָרִיםsfarimסִפְרֵי־sifrei-סִפְרֵי לִמּוּדsifrei limudtextbooks
f. pl. ־וֹת: unchangedמְכוֹנִיּוֹתmechoniyotמְכוֹנִיּוֹת־mechoniyot-מְכוֹנִיּוֹת מִשְׁטָרָהmechoniyot mishtarapolice cars
dual ־ַיִם → ־ֵיעֵינַיִםeinayimעֵינֵי־einei-עֵינֵי הַיֶּלֶדeinei hayeledthe child's eyes
Everyday smichut compounds
HebrewMeaning
בֵּית סֵפֶרbeit seferschool
בֵּית חוֹלִיםbeit cholimhospital
בֵּית כְּנֶסֶתbeit knesetsynagogue
קֻפַּת חוֹלִיםkupat cholimhealth fund (HMO)
גַּן יְלָדִיםgan yeladimkindergarten
עוֹרֵךְ דִּיןorech dinlawyer
מִסְפַּר טֶלֶפוֹןmispar telefonphone number
כַּרְטִיס אַשְׁרַאיkartis ashraicredit card
יוֹם הֻלֶּדֶתyom huledetbirthday
סוֹף שָׁבוּעַsof shavuaweekend
שֵׁם מִשְׁפָּחָהshem mishpachasurname
שְׂדֵה תְּעוּפָהsde te'ufaairport
חֲנוּת סְפָרִיםchanut sfarimbookshop
מְכוֹנַת כְּבִיסָהmechonat kvisawashing machine
תְּעוּדַת זֶהוּתte'udat zehutID card
חֶשְׁבּוֹן בַּנְקcheshbon bankbank account

An adjective follows the whole compound and agrees with the first word: בֵּית סֵפֶר גָּדוֹל — a big school, מִשְׁפַּחַת כֹּהֵן הַגְּדוֹלָה.

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